How does an AC vacuum contactor work?
Publish Time：
2023-07-10
Source：
Tongyi Xiguang
An AC vacuum contactor is an electrical switching device used to control current in high-voltage AC circuits. It is mainly composed of components such as contacts, electromagnets, and vacuum bottles.
An AC vacuum contactor is an electrical switching device used to control current in high-voltage AC circuits. It is mainly composed of components such as contacts, electromagnets, and vacuum bottles.
Below is the working principle of an AC vacuum contactor:
1. Contacts: An AC vacuum contactor usually contains a fixed contact and a movable contact, which are separated by insulating material. When the contactor is open, the contacts do not touch; when the contactor is closed, the contacts touch each other.
2. Electromagnet: An AC vacuum contactor has an electromagnet inside, which is powered by a power supply. When the electromagnet is energized, the generated magnetic field can attract or release the movable contact, thus closing or opening the contact.
3. Vacuum bottle: The vacuum bottle is a key component of the AC vacuum contactor, used to maintain a vacuum environment between the contacts. Under high voltage, the gas in the vacuum bottle is evacuated to form a vacuum, which helps to avoid arc discharge and oxidation of the contacts.
Next is the working process of the AC vacuum contactor:
1. Open state: When not energized or the electromagnet is not energized, the AC vacuum contactor is in the open state, and the fixed contact and the movable contact do not touch.
2. Closing process: When it is necessary to close the AC vacuum contactor, current is supplied to the electromagnet through the power supply. After the electromagnet is energized, the generated magnetic field attracts the movable contact, causing it to contact the fixed contact. After closing, the current can flow through the contactor.
3. Working state: Once the AC vacuum contactor is closed, the current can flow through the contactor to the controlled load circuit, realizing the control of the circuit.
4. Opening process: When it is necessary to open the AC vacuum contactor, the electromagnet is no longer energized, and the magnetic field disappears. At this time, under the action of a spring or other mechanical structure, the movable contact rebounds and separates from the fixed contact, and the contactor returns to the open state.
The key to the operation of an AC vacuum contactor lies in the energization of the electromagnet and the closing or opening of the contacts. Its design and manufacturing consider the insulation and arc problems in high-voltage, high-current environments to ensure reliable electrical connection and long service life.
It should be noted that the above is a general description of the working principle and process of an AC vacuum contactor. The internal structure and working methods of specific devices may vary.
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